Cytohistological Correlation of Thyroid Lesions with Special Emphasis on Recent Trends

Background: Thyroid is a frequent site of disease in human body. Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a rapid, efficient, inexpensive and safe diagnostic method in these cases. FNAC has some limitations, particularly limited to representativity of samples and exact typing of neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions. Materials and Methods: In the present study, 130 cases of thyroid FNAC’s which were subsequently followed by excision biopsy, have been analyzed, and cytohistopathological correlation has been interpreted. Results: Of these 130 cases, 97 (75%) were non-neoplastic, 22 (17%) were benign neoplasms, and 11(8%) were malignant neoplasms. Among 97 non-neoplastic lesions, 73 cases correlated histopathologically. In the present study, sensitivity of FNAC was 78.57%, specificity was 100%, and diagnostic accuracy was 97.69% for malignant lesions. Conclusion: FNAC is a rapid, efficient, cost-effective, relatively painless procedure and produces a speedy result with a high diagnostic accuracy. It has high rates of sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing thyroid lesions and hence is a valuable tool in the diagnosis and management of patients with thyroid lesions.